The term plastics describes a group of chemicals called polymers. Students will record observations on the observations worksheet about the physical properties of each plastic as they view them. Plastic distributors and fabricators is an iso 9001 certified international leader in plastics fabrication including abs, acrylic, lexan, mylar, nylon, peek, plexiglas, polycarbonate, torlon, ultem, vespel, and other materials in a wide variety of sizes and shapes, including film, rod, sheet, and tube. Polycarbonate and polylactide are included in this category. Also, you may want to use our plastic material selection guide or interactive thermoplastics triangle to assist with the material selection process based on your application requirements.
Have them look at their results and identify any types that are more common than others. Some plastics are soft while others are hard, almost like glass. In both cases degradation begins with a chemical process oxidation and hydrolysis respectively, followed by a biological. The history and future of plastics what are plastics, and where do they come from. Mar 18, 2017 the common types of plastic types of plastics. Poly acrylonitrile ethylene styrene or poly acrylonitrile ethylene propylene styrene poly acrylonitrile methyl methacrylate amorphous polyethylene terephthlate. Pass out the plastics in the water column student sheets, the plastic objects and a large container of water to each student group. I think the handle of the typical modern toothbrush comprising a hard and a soft material would most likely be pp polypropylene for the hard part and tpe thermoplastic elastomer for the soft part. Types of national policies on plastic bags, by continent 25 figure 3. It is estimated that every 10% reduction in vehicle weight results in a 5% to 7% reduction in fuel usage. Jul 17, 2018 though it varies between types, every single category of plastic could leach hazardous materials if put in an extreme situation such as extreme heat. Polystyrene is commonly recycled, but is difficult to do. Match b3088 part number with dimension d from b3090, b3094, b3095, b3096, b3097 or b3098 charts. The classification of plastics, and a list of their main characteristics, follows.
What types of plastics make up colgates toothbrushes. Items such as disposable coffee cups, plastic food boxes, plastic cutlery and packing foam are made from ps. Plastics have become the modern material of choice because they make it possible to balance todays needs with environmental concerns. To summarize, there are 7 types of plastic exist in our current modern days. Use our interactive properties table below to explore by property group, sort, or compare two or more plastic materials. These numbers and labels identify both the type of resin used to make the plastic and the products recyclability. Caused by the macromolecular structure and the temperaturedependent physical properties plastic materials are distinguished into different. Some polycarbonate water bottles are marketed as nonleaching for minimizing plastic taste or odor, however. Of the types of plastic that can be recycled, it is critical that they be recycled with their own kind because a small amount of the wrong type of plastic can ruin the melt. Number 7 plastics are used to make baby bottles, sippy cups, water cooler bottles and car parts.
Archival or conservation quality refers to materials that are physically durable and chemically stable. These naturally colored opaque vessels come with their own plastic caps, and theyre perfect for shipping, stocking shelves or storing liquids and. Bulk density bulk density is the weight per unit volume of the raw plastic material as it is purchased from the. At consolidated plastics, we mold polyethylene into a variety of highquality packaging and container products. Polyethylene plastic pe polyethylene plastic is made from the polymerized vinyl monomers. Heating hydrocarbons oil, natural gas or coal produces plastics. Plastic is relatively inexpensive so it is used in many applications. Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics1 this standard is issued under the. Plastic fabrication methods that are able to strengthen plastics.
The most common materials that make up marine debris are plastics, glass, metal, paper, cloth, rubber, and wood. How to identify different types of plastic owlcation. Definition and concept a plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic solids that are moldable macro molecular consists large chain like molecules containing carbon. Dimensions shown in parentheses are in millimeters unless otherwise specified. Plastic is material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic compounds that are malleable and so can be molded into solid objects. Types of weight density and their applications three different weight densities are commonly used in the plastics industry. May 11, 2020 of the types of plastic that can be recycled, it is critical that they be recycled with their own kind because a small amount of the wrong type of plastic can ruin the melt. Compounding or blending is the process of combining two or more types of plastic materials by melting, molding, and cooling them into different shapes.
There are two basic classes of plastics along with seven popular types of plastics. Rain boots, shoes, hollow toys, balls, large pipes and tubes etc. Plastic is a word that originally meant pliable and easily shaped. Plastic pollution damages the intrinsic beauty and. Code 7 is used to designate miscellaneous types of.
The main characteristics or the properties which determine a plastic s processability are molecular weight, uniformity, additive type, content and plastic feed rates. Types of thermosetting plastic polymers osborne industries. It only recently became a name for a category of materials called polymers. Examples include polyurethanes, polyesters, epoxy resins and. There are several plastics used in the automotive industry. Nationallevel plastic bag bans and styrofoam regulations 26 figure 3. For chemically resistant plastic, view our chemical resistance of plastics chart. The different types of plastics and how they are recycled. High performance plastics are playing an important role in the automotive industry these days. At in most situations, there are several ways to approach a manufacturing challenge, and we can provide expert insight into the various techniques and materials bestsuited to a specific project. Created by polymerizing styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of polybutadiene, abs is robust, flexible, glossy, highly processable, and impact resistant. Once cooled and hardened, these plastics retain their shapes and cannot return to their original form. Consumers can quickly identify which type of plastic a container is made from by checking for the recycling symbol.
Pdf this chapter defines environmentally friendly polymer. Types of plastics and the symbols used to identify them. Plastic, polymeric material that has the capability of being molded or shaped. Plastics are organic materials, just like wood, paper or wool. Sep 28, 2014 plastics manufacture, types,application,examples 1. Below is 7 of the most popular and commonly used plastics. Anything manmade, including litter and fishing gear, can become marine debris once lost or thrown into the marine environment. The light weight of plastics makes for more fuel efficient vehicles. If you drink water from a bottle, that bottle is most likely plastic. Within the class of thermosetting polymers, there are a number of different types of material that each serve unique purposes and applications. The raw materials used to produce plastics are natural products such as cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt and, of course, crude oil. Glass, metal, and rubber are similar to plastic in that they are used for a wide range of products. The society of the plastics industry spi established a classification system in 1988 to allow consumers and recyclers to identify different types of plastic.
Smart plastics guide plastic products are typically labeled with a number surrounded by the recycling symbol. The word plastic derives from the greek plastikos meaning capable of being shaped or molded and, in turn, from. Applications and societal benefits of plastics article pdf available in philosophical transactions of the royal society b biological sciences 3641526. Code 7 is used to designate miscellaneous types of plastic not defined by the other six codes.
A plastic with good processability possesses the properties necessary to make it easy to process the plastics into desired shapes. Typical reactions for chain assembling are polyaddition continuous or step wise and condensation polymerization polycondensation 1 figure 1. Types of degradable plastic it is important to distinguish between the different types of biodegradable plastic, as their costs and uses are very different. Thermosets can be used for auto parts, aircraft parts and tires. Definition and concept a plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic solids that are moldable macro molecular consists large chain like molecules containing carbon 3. Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics1. This process is called cracking because a catalyst is used to break larger molecules into smaller ones. With a relatively low manufacturing cost, abs plastic sheeting is typically used. Plastics manufacture, types,application,examples 1. Some examples of commodity plastics are polyethylene, polypropylene. We study a henstockkurzweil type integral defined on a complete metric measure. Different types of plastics that are used in construction industry are described below. Examples of thermosetting plastics are polyester resins used in glass. Commodity plastics are plastics produced in high volumes for applications where exceptional material properties are not needed such as packaging, food containers, and household products.
Monomer is a kind of simple compound, which can be polymerized to become macromolecular compound. May 02, 2012 number 7 plastics are used to make baby bottles, sippy cups, water cooler bottles and car parts. Pet is the most widely produced plastic in the world. The two main types are oxobiodegradable and hydrobiodegradable. Naturally, these tests should be used only for tentative identification because some complex plastic compounds require a rigorous analysis for identification.
The history and future of plastics what are plastics, and. Acrylonitrilechlorinated polyethylenestyrene terpolymer. In contrast to engineering plastics, commodity plastics tend to be inexpensive to produce and exhibit relatively weak mechanical properties. Understanding the plastic types can help consumers like you make more informed decisions related to your health and the environment. The smaller molecules are those such as ethylene ethane, c 2 h 4. Types and properties pdf by mohammed shafi october 22, 2018 may 10, 2020 in this article, i will be explaining the different types of plastics used in our household applications as well as industrial applications in the form of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics with there properties. Each of these plastic molding processes offers unique features and advantages, making each style wellsuited for different types of applications. Consumers can quickly identify which type of plastic a container is made from by checking for the. Current economic and environmental concerns make the creation of more fuel efficient cars a top priority in the automotive.
Safe plastics and fabrics for exhibit and storage number 182 introduction always use archival or conservation quality materials for your collection. Here is a preliminary guide that will help you to identify many of the basic types of plastics using simple techniques and readily available tools. In addition, its important to become familiar with an items spi society of the plastics industry code, which is also known as a resin identification number and is used to classify the different types of plastic. For example, our oblong and round jugs are made of high density polyethylene hdpe. While all of the ones listed bellow may easily be used in a single vehicle, just three types of plastic make up approximately 66% of the total plastics used. Treasured by both the owner and the maker, these products are made from naturally occurring clay and sand. Both types of plastic materials are recyclable and it is possible to produce biodegradable plastics with both types of feedstocks. Plasticity is the general property of all materials which can deform irreversibly without breaking but, in the class of moldable polymers, this occurs to such a degree that their. Types and sources the most common materials that make up marine debris are plastics, glass, metal, paper, cloth, rubber, and wood. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Ask them to provide reasons for why this might be so. Therefore, sorting plastic is a critical part of the recycling process. This property of plasticity, often found in combination with other special properties such as low density, low electrical conductivity, transparency, and toughness, allows plastics to be made into a great variety of products.